By sunny 
Renovation is a complex and detailed thing, master some renovation hacks can make the whole decoration process more smoothly. The following is a detailed introduction to the basic process of decoration construction, which covers a number of practical hacks for renovation.
The basic process of renovation construction is mainly divided into site protection, wall remodelling, water and electricity renovation, tiling, carpentry, oil, installation, cleaning, soft furnishings into the field of these aspects (also referred to as ‘water, electricity, wood, tile and oil’). Each large classification contains a variety of different small steps, the next step is to provide a detailed introduction to the various processes and processes need to pay attention to the key issues.
Ⅰ. Construction protection
Construction protection is the most basic decoration project, which is divided into the construction of the protection of the finished product before the construction process and construction protection, can effectively avoid damage to the site of the finished product. Here are some renovation hacks to help you do a good job of construction protection:
Lift and entry door protection
From the lift hall to the entry door floor, need to lay special film; wall (such as stone, tile) to do the height of 1 metre protection, and paste firmly; door also need to use a special door coat for protection.
Strong and weak electricity box and gas meter water meter protection
Construction site of the strong and weak electricity boxes need to be protected by film, the temporary removal of the strong and weak electricity boxes should be preserved intact. If the construction process involves dismantling and moving the gas meter position, it is necessary to find a company with the qualification of dismantling and changing the gas meter.
Wire box, toilet, sewerage outlet buckle cover protection
This step is to avoid the construction process of construction waste and other clogging of the sewer outlet.
Tile, flooring finished product protection
Any finished product to be done to protect, especially tiles, flooring and other items that are afraid of scratching, protective film lap joints should be glued with tape.
Finished cabinet protection
Newly made cabinets should also be well protected, it is best not to place decorative materials on the cabinet to avoid damage to the cabinet.
Plumbing and electrical marking
Decoration, for the parts that affect the later installation of cabinets, it is best to stick on the water and electricity signs to avoid problems in the later construction.
Construction before playing a good three lines
Before construction, play a good one metre level line, socket line, door line, and post a good marking sign.
Ⅱ. Wall remodelling
Wall remodelling is to transform the original structure of the house and re-layout the house space. Masonry materials can be selected according to the material suppliers around the renovation district, generally commonly used lightweight bricks, which are both thermal and acoustic insulation, lightweight, and will not have an impact on the structure of the house. Here are some renovation hacks for wall remodelling:
- Use angles or concrete beams for new door beams.
- New walls should be made to do the tie reinforcement, every 500 mm or so height to set the reinforcement; new and old wall stubble should be treated with wire mesh to avoid cracking in the later stage.
Ⅲ. Water and electricity construction
Circuit construction can be divided into the following steps: to determine the circuit point location → line towards the line bullet → slot → open line box → pre-buried through the pipe → line box and fixed → threading and connecting the wire head → installation cover protection. Water and electricity construction has a lot of renovation hacks, we must pay attention to:
Strong and weak electricity construction
- Pipe bending angle of ‘more than 135 degrees’ process, pipe clamps fixed at a reasonable distance, which is conducive to the later threading and maintenance.
- Strong and weak power distance spacing should be greater than 200 mm, strong and weak power cross as far as possible to do tinfoil protection. Household weak power line refers to the family in the network cable, telephone line and TV line, in the signal transmission, especially when the strong and weak power cross is very susceptible to electromagnetic wave interference, resulting in data loss or drop and other problems. The use of strong anti-magnetic tin foil to seal up the weak power lines can effectively reduce electromagnetic interference.
- It is strictly prohibited to share a pipe and a bottom box for strong and weak power, and the parallel spacing of strong power lines should not be less than 30cm, preferably 50cm, and the crossings must be at right angles.
- Weak power should be threaded by rigid PVC pipe, the first pipe and then line, and strong power construction, the first installation of piping, and then threading.
- Distribution box each line should be wrapped with insulating tape, playing a good rebate.
Distribution box installation
Distribution box mainly has air switch and leakage protector two electrical components, commonly used air switch model C10A, C16A, C20A, C25A, C32A, C40A, C50A, C63A.
- The general installation elevation is 1.8 metres from the ground at the bottom.
- The main air switch controls all the lines in the whole room, it is not recommended to install the air switch with leakage protector, because the branch already has leakage protector. Air switch is used to protect the line, leakage protector to protect all indoor appliances, to choose a high sensitivity, in order to effectively protect electrical appliances and user safety. To choose the appropriate air switch according to the load of electrical appliances in the circuit.
- Normal a home installation is generally divided into the following routes: lighting all the way (normally 10A), air conditioning all the way (normally 16A or 20A), bathroom, kitchen socket all the way (normally 16 or 20A), living room, bedroom socket all the way (normally 16A). Normal open single-level, double-pole two kinds of total open with double-pole, other single-level open can be used, sockets, kitchen and bathroom with a single-level open with leakage protection, general lighting, air-conditioning does not have to open with leakage protection device. General family total air switch selection 32A, 40A, 50A, 63A.
Water and electricity construction precautions
- Strictly prohibit water and electricity in the same groove, the water circuit should be set up separately.
- Electrical wires and heating, water pipes, gas pipes parallel distance greater than 300 mm, cross distance greater than 100 mm.
- Household lines are normally 2.5 square copper core wire; air conditioning, water heater lines are normally 4 square copper core wire; the wire worn in the pipe shall be less than 40% of the cross-sectional area.
- The depth of water and electricity grooving is 1.5 times of the pipe diameter.
- The top part of the line needs to be installed in the distribution box.
Precautions for water construction
- Piping horizontal and vertical, electricity on the water, left hot, right cold, top hot, bottom cold.
- It is forbidden to connect hot and cold water pipes in parallel.
- Electrical wires and heating, water pipes, gas pipes parallel distance greater than 300 mm, cross distance greater than 100 mm; hot and cold water spacing 150 mm.
- The hot water pipe should be insulated, and the kitchen and bathroom downpipes should be treated with acoustic cotton; red bricks are used for lap masonry, and four rows of bricks per masonry should be treated with cement nails for reinforcement.
- Shower outlet height, higher than the tile finish surface 3 – 5 mm.
- Water and electricity grooving depth pipe diameter 1.5 times; water and electricity pipework process, the length of the open horizontal groove can not exceed 800 mm.
- Water piping through the bathroom wall, you need to use the ‘high back through’ way of construction, over the waterproof layer into the bathroom. Because the temperature, water pressure changes will lead to thermal expansion and contraction of the water pipe, so that the water pipe and the cement mortar between the gap, resulting in bathroom moisture along the gap into the interior of other functional spaces. Water supply pipe ‘high back through’ way, can effectively block the water.
- With a sinkhole bathroom sewer need to add a water bend to prevent odour, while the direction of the sewer should be convenient for future maintenance; sewer pipe should be masonry base fixed slope, in order to prevent backfill slope change; normal bathroom sewer slope control at 1% – 3%.
- After the completion of the water line, pressurisation 0.8 – 1MPa, keep it for 30 minutes.
Waterproofing project
Waterproofing project can be divided into the following steps: clean up the grass-roots → preparation of waterproofing coatings → details, waterproofing treatment of key points → painting the first waterproofing → (to wait for the first waterproofing to dry) painting the second waterproofing → closed water test. The following waterproofing project renovation hacks you need to master:
- Before waterproof construction, in order to avoid later bathroom doorway seepage, it is recommended to install the threshold stone, and then do the overall waterproofing treatment.
- Door set on the reverse 300 mm; doorway outside the reverse 200 mm.
- Waterproofing before painting grass-roots level treatment should be standardised, no sand, no loose, no damage, water and electricity pipe backfill full, flat surface; wet area painting height of 1800 mm, dry area 1200 mm.
- For there is no door stack kitchen or bathroom doorway, plus the best use of red brick masonry door stack, every 40 – 50cm plus cement nails; if the site using large core board to make door stack, the bottom of the large core board from the ground must be more than 30mm above the core board in the waterproofing will be painted waterproofing board along with the painting, the width of the new large core board door stack can not be too wide, can not be more than the maximum width of the door edge cover can be wrapped.
- After the completion of a unified water closure test, water depth to ensure that 3 cm, water closure time of 23 – 48 hours to confirm that there is no leakage of water for tiling.
Secondary drainage process is very practical for second-hand houses. After the original tiles on the ground, the ground for re-plastering to restore at the same time, it is recommended to find the slope of the bathroom relative to the centre of the downpipe as the centre, the slope control in 1% – 3% can be.
After the water closure test, with a hand drill on the centre of the bottom edge of the water pipe eye (do not use a blunt tool to hit the eye, easy to loosen the water pipe, resulting in water leakage), and then drain the water. During the user’s stay and use, the dry grey layer will absorb a lot of water, if the waterproofing of the bathroom doorway is not properly handled, it may have a great impact on the door and floor.
Using the secondary drainage process, the moisture in the grey layer will flow away continuously along the drainage slope, which can effectively reduce the phenomenon of swelling of the bathroom door set or mouldy floor at the entrance.
For the bathroom with a sinkhole, normal sinkhole bottom is a secondary drain, if the owners do not choose to use ceramic backfill, regional backfill is generally slag, slag is very easy to destroy the sinkhole bottom waterproof layer, the ground levelling this waterproofing is normal for the final most important waterproof layer, this practice sinkhole bottom secondary drainage is meaningless, if encountered in this case, it is recommended to do the secondary drainage process.
Ⅳ. Tiling construction
The main process of tiling is: grass-roots level → find elevation, bullet line → bullet paving control line → soak brick → paving brick → hooking, rubbing seam → maintenance → finished product protection. Wall tile paving process is: grass-roots level treatment → hanging vertical, square, find rules → line compartmentalisation → row of bricks → soak bricks → set veneer bricks → brick hooks and wipes the seams. Tiling construction also has a lot of renovation hacks:
- Before paving, use interface agent or water to wet the wall, clean up the grass-roots level.
- Glass tiles need to be put into the clean water before sticking soaked for more than 2 hours, glazed tiles need to be put into the clean water before sticking soaked for more than 12 hours.
- Tile paving using ‘wall pressure ground’ process, so that the tile closure beautiful, waterproof rate is also greatly enhanced.
- Paving process edge area with a whole set of tiles cut kissing, to ensure that the edge of the neat; at the same time, tile openings to use a special hole opener, to ensure that the hole size is appropriate, beautiful shape. Floor drains need to do ‘back’ drainage.
- Bathroom floor flow slope should be controlled at 1% – 3%, to ensure timely discharge of sewage.
- The height of the corners is within 0.5mm; the squareness of the yin and yang corners is within 2mm; the verticality is within 3mm; the flatness is within 3mm. Tile paving space within the drum rate of less than 5% of the overall finished area.
V. Carpentry construction
Carpentry’s main construction projects are ceiling keel frame, wooden doors and windows production, wooden cabinet furniture production, TV background wall modelling and so on.
Here is a carpentry construction renovation hacks: entrance ceiling, with a large beam of the entrance, shall be used to wear the bottom of the beam ceiling process, or ceiling elevation is higher than the bottom of the beam, the ceiling is higher than the bottom of the beam part of the plaster line, to avoid and the bottom of the beam flush. Because the gypsum board and beam material is not the same, thermal expansion and contraction degree is different, easy to produce cracks in the late stage, can avoid unnecessary after-sales maintenance.
Ⅵ. Oiling construction
Oiler construction steps are: grass-roots level treatment (wall backfill hanging net) → wall repair, through the corner (using yin and yang corner strips) → joints processing → full scraping two putty → repair sanding → applying the first latex paint → applying the second latex paint → details of repair.
Before the construction of the wall and the top gypsum line at the corner of the yin and Yang for brushing plaster local treatment; slots backfill do hanging net (cloth) processing; encountered in second-hand white walls, need to be based on the site conditions to choose a full hanging net or directly shovel the wall to the brick layer, re-plastering treatment. The top surface of the wall is handled by yin and yang corner strips; for the intersection of different media walls, a layer of kraft paper, a layer of indeed cloth double layer treatment.
Ⅶ. The installation of construction
Ceiling installation
- Light steel keel plate gypsum board ceiling construction process (applicable to the guest dining room): pop-up line sampling → installation of boom → fixed card-type light keel frame (spacing less than 600 mm) → installation of secondary keel (spacing 300 mm) → staggered pavement surface 9 mm thick double-layer gypsum board (between the two layers of gypsum board fully coated with white glue) → tapping screws to fix the nail cover coated with antirust paint → rust-proof paint putty → gypsum board embedded joints (reserved 3-5 mm or more gap) using a special plaster board embedded joints. 5mm or more gap) use special plaster to level the joints → paste high quality anti-cracking paper bandage.
- Aluminium button plate ceiling installation process (applicable to kitchen, bathroom): line sampling → installation of the main keel rebar → installation of the main keel → installation of the secondary keel → installation of aluminium button plate → clean up.
Installation precautions:
- The main keel spacing of aluminium buckle plate installation does not exceed 1200mm.
- Buckle plate ceiling level error does not exceed plus or minus 5 mm.
- Check the buckle plate has no colour difference.
Floor installation
- Solid wood flooring paving process: floor levelling is completely dry after flooring → cleaning up the grass-roots level → paving keel → paving moisture-proof pads → selecting the board test paving → paving wood flooring → site acceptance → finished product protection.
- Solid wood composite flooring paving process: floor levelling is completely dry for flooring → cleaning up the grass-roots level → paving moisture-proof film → moisture-proof film splicing and sticking → selecting boards to try to pave → paving wood flooring → site acceptance → finished product protection.
Precautions:
- Floor paving before full paving moisture-proof membrane.
- Moisture-proof film need to be returned to the upper 50 mm.
- Floor splicing using floor glue and floor card (1 metre / a).
- Floor paving needs to be installed using the glue process, full of glue is easy to cause maintenance trouble later.
Skirting installation
Skirting construction process: the scene line → fixed snap installation → installation of fixed skirting board → closing treatment. Skirting installation should be noted that the use of matching card for installation, it is best not to use styrofoam, structural adhesive or nail gun installation.
Door stone installation
Bathroom high frequency of use, water consumption, the use of sets of doors bathroom need to use the threshold stone should be added to the edge of the ear process, to prevent water vapour or water directly into the door set, the protection of bathroom doors do not get wet play a key role.
Window sill stone installation
Window sill stone practice is completed after the side ear length of five centimetres, 3.5 centimetres wide, with thickened edges.
After the installation is completed, you can carry out cleaning of the house, cleaning is completed after the soft furnishings can enter the field. The whole house decoration process is basically like this, master these renovation hacks, can make everyone’s decoration process easier and smoother!